Color_Vocabulary

Did you know there are idioms in English that use colors to express their meaning? Examples of idioms with colours:
 * Colors and Languaje **
 * To feel sad à  To feel **blue**
 * The market not controlled by the government à  The ** black ** market
 * Complicated official procedures and forms à  **Red** tape
 * Jealous of someone else’s good fortune à  **Green** with envy
 * The OK to start something à  The **green** light
 * Very clear and easy to understand à  In **black** and **white**
 * Something that is not true but causes no harm à  A **white** lie
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Special honors for a special or important person à <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> The **red** carpet
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Having money à <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> In the **black**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Owing money, in debt à <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Be in the **red**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">By surprise, unexpectedly à <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Out of the **blue**

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">DEFINITIONS ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Color ** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Effect produced on the eye and its associated nerves by light waves of different wavelength or frequency. Light transmitted from an object to the eye stimulates the different color cones of the retina, thus making possible perception of various colors in the object. <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Red, yellow and blue are the primary colors. Primary colors are the most basic colors. You can't make them by mixing any other colors. Orange, green and purple are the secondary colors. A secondary color is made by mixing two primary colors. For instance, if you mix red and yellow, you get orange.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Color Wheel ** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">A color wheel shows how colors are related. This color wheel shows the primary colors, secondary colors, and the tertiary colors. It also shows the relationships between complementary colors across from each other on the color wheel, such as blue and orange; and analogous (similar or related) colors next to each other on the color wheel such as yellow, green and blue. Black and white may be thought of as colors but, in fact, they are not. White light is the presence of all color - black is the absence of reflected light and therefore the absence of color.

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden;">

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Types of Color Wheels **

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">- The artist's color wheel **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">. This color wheel uses red, yellow, and blue as primary colors. This is used for mixing paints. **

**<span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden;">﻿ **

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">- The subtractive color wheel **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">. This color wheel uses the printing inks cyan, magenta, and yellow as primary colors. **Note: **Because cyan, magenta, and yellow inks do not combine to make black, the printing process adds black as a fourth ink.**

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">- Additive Color **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">. This color wheel displays the additive colors used for projected light. When mixed together the additive primaries form white. The primaries are red, green and blue. These colors are extremely bright because light that is projected can be far more intense than printed color. **

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Value

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. Colors mixed with white are called **tints**. Pink is a tint of red. Colors mixed with black are called **shades**. Burgundy is a shade of red. Paintings that use only one color and the tints and shades of that color are called monochromatic (one=mono; color=chromatic).



**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Tints **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> are light values that are made by mixing a color with white. For example, pink is a tint of red, and light blue is a tint of blue. **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Shades ** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> are dark values that are made by mixing a color with black. Maroon is a shade of red, and navy is a shade of blue.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Analogous Colors ** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Analogous colors sit next to each other on the color wheel. They tend to look pleasant together because they are closely related. Orange, yellow-orange, and yellow are an example of analogous colors. They are blended nicely in //Sunflowers//, a painting by Vincent Van Gogh. We know that these colors are closely related because they share a color: each of them contains some yellow.



**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mood ** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Colors are often associated with moods, like we saw in the first activity Colors and Language. Certain colors also look cool, such as blue, green and violet; and others look warm, like red, orange and yellow. Warm and intense colors appear to advance toward the viewer, while cool or dull colors recede.



<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sometimes the same color will appear to be two slightly different colors when placed against different backgrounds.




 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif;">Black and White: are black and white colors when generated as light? **

__<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- Color Theory 1: Color as Light (Additive Color Theory) __

<span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: center;">

<span style="display: block; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Black: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">In this case, Black is the absence of color (and is therefore not a color). <span style="display: block; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explanation: When there is no light, everything is black. Test this out by going into a photographic dark room. There are no photons of light. In other words, there are no photons of colors.

<span style="display: block; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">White: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the Theory 1 “Color as Light” white is the blending of all colors and is a color. <span style="display: block; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explanation: Light appears colorless or white. Sunlight is white light that is composed of all the colors of the spectrum. A rainbow is proof. You can't see the colors of sunlight except when atmospheric conditions bend the light rays and create a rainbow. You can also use a prism to demonstrate this. <span style="display: block; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- Color Theory 2: Color as Pigment or Molecular Coloring Agents (Subtractive Color Theory) __

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; line-height: normal;"> <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">Red, Yellow, and Blue <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; line-height: normal;">(The primary colors of pigments in the art world

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">(The primary colors of inks in the printing industry

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Black: **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Black is a color. <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: center;">

<span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explanation: Here's a simple way to show how black is made: Combine all three primary colors (red yellow and blue) using a liquid paint or you even food coloring. You won't get a jet black, but the point will be clear. The history of black pigments includes charcoal, iron metals, and other chemicals as the source of black paints. <span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> **White**: white is not a color. Technically, pure white is the absence of color. In other words, you can't mix colors to create white. Therefore, white is the absence of color in the strictest sense of the definition. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> However, when you examine the pigment chemistry of white, ground-up substances (such as chalk and bone) or chemicals (such as titanium and zinc) are used to create the many nuances of white in paint, chalk, crayons - and even products such as Noxema. It's worth noting that white paper is made by bleaching tree bark (paper pulp). Therefore, you could say that white is a color in the context of pigment chemistry. <span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explanation: Here's a simple way to show how black is made: Combine all three primary colors (red yellow and blue) using a liquid paint or you even food coloring. You won't get a jet black, but the point will be clear. The history of black pigments includes charcoal, iron metals, and other chemicals as the source of black paints.

<span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 8.05pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> **White**: white is not a color. Technically, pure white is the absence of color. In other words, you can't mix colors to create white. Therefore, white is the absence of color in the strictest sense of the definition. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> However, when you examine the pigment chemistry of white, ground-up substances (such as chalk and bone) or chemicals (such as titanium and zinc) are used to create the many nuances of white in paint, chalk, crayons - and even products such as Noxema. It's worth noting that white paper is made by bleaching tree bark (paper pulp). Therefore, you could say that white is a color in the context of pigment chemistry.